Garcin F, Ledig M, Le Bourhis B, Radouco-Thomas S, Chawla S, Radouco-Thomas C, Mandel P
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1980;132:739-48. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_77.
In the rat, prolonged exposure to ethanol (ETOH) vapor induced an acquired increase in tolerance. After a single ETOH administration, the duration of recovery was decreased by 20% as compared to control animals and the rate of ETOH elimination from blood was increased by 27%. From the data obtained on liver enzymes--alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)--it is suggested that the increased ALDH activity would be the consequence of an increased formation of the product of ETOH oxidation, the acetaldehyde. This over-production would not be accounted for by ADH. It is assumed that among others, the coupled reaction SOD-catalase would represent a possible alternate pathway. Data on Drosophila demonstrate that initial tolerance to ETOH is well correlated with ADH activity. It is suggested that ETOH metabolites (mainly acetaldehyde) would act also as determinant of this initial tolerance. The value of Drosophila as animal model for the study of behavioral and biochemical correlates of initial tolerance is discussed.
在大鼠中，长时间暴露于乙醇（ETOH）蒸汽会导致耐受性的后天性增加。单次给予ETOH后，与对照动物相比，恢复时间缩短了20%，血液中ETOH的消除率提高了27%。从关于肝脏酶——乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）、醛脱氢酶（ALDH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）——的数据来看，提示ALDH活性增加可能是ETOH氧化产物乙醛生成增加的结果。这种过量生成不能用ADH来解释。推测除其他因素外，超氧化物歧化酶 - 过氧化氢酶的偶联反应可能代表一种可能的替代途径。果蝇的数据表明，对ETOH的初始耐受性与ADH活性密切相关。提示ETOH代谢产物（主要是乙醛）也可能是这种初始耐受性的决定因素。讨论了果蝇作为研究初始耐受性行为和生化相关性的动物模型的价值。
