Batsakis J G, Regezi J A, Rice D H
Head Neck Surg. 1980 Nov-Dec;3(2):145-68. doi: 10.1002/hed.2890030209.
Benign and malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal cells destined to become lipoblasts and myoblasts affect the head and neck with contrasting frequencies. Lipomas and especially liposarcomas are unusual lesions above the clavicles but when found there behave in a biologic manner identical to that of their counter-parts at other anatomic sites. Myogenic tumors, on the other hand, have a predilection for the head and neck, and for rhabdomyosarcomas this predilection is accentuated in childhood. Combination therapy of rhabdomyosarcomas has obviated radical surgery as a method of treatment, and many sites in the head and neck have benefited prognostically by this treatment. Success, however, is dependent on clinical stage of disease, and rhabdomyosarcomas of the nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and middle ear remain more resistant to short-term cures because of the extent of the neoplasm. A review of the clinicopathologic aspects of granular-cell tumors and alveolar soft-part sarcomas is also presented because it has been suggested that these tumors have a myogenous origin.
起源于注定要成为成脂细胞和成肌细胞的间充质细胞的良性和恶性肿瘤，以不同的频率影响头颈部。脂肪瘤，尤其是脂肪肉瘤，在锁骨上方是不常见的病变，但当在那里发现时，其生物学行为与其他解剖部位的同类病变相同。另一方面，肌源性肿瘤好发于头颈部，对于横纹肌肉瘤来说，这种好发倾向在儿童期更为明显。横纹肌肉瘤的联合治疗已不再将根治性手术作为一种治疗方法，头颈部的许多部位通过这种治疗在预后方面受益。然而，成功与否取决于疾病的临床分期，由于肿瘤范围的原因，鼻咽癌、鼻窦癌和中耳横纹肌肉瘤对短期治愈仍更具抗性。还对颗粒细胞瘤和肺泡软组织肉瘤的临床病理方面进行了综述，因为有人认为这些肿瘤起源于肌源性。
