Spector G J, Lee D, Carr C, Davis G, Schnettgoecke V, Strauss M, Rauchbach E
Laryngoscope. 1980 May;90(5 Pt 2):1-31. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198005001-00001.
The later stages of development (16-40 weeks in utero) of the periotic duct and its adjacent areas in the human fetus indicate that the critical stages of development occur in four specific time related stages over a six-week period (20-26 weeks). First, the petrous apex ossifies to separate th inferior cochlear vein into the canal of Cotugno and forms the medial wall of the cochlear aqueduct (22 weeks); second, the canalicular otic capsule fuses with the cochlear otic capsule to obliterate Hyrtl fissure and forms of the lateral wall of the cochlear aqueduct (24 weeks); third, progressive bone deposition to the medial surface of the membranous labyrinth and cochlea at the petrous apex elongates the periotic duct and cochlear aqueduct (32 weeks in utero); and fourth, active arachnoid tissue ingrowth into the periotic duct occurs at 20-24 weeks and 34-40 weeks in utero. The terminal event is widening of the CNS opening of the periotic duct at 32 weeks in utero. The periotic duct and cochlear aqueduct length increase with gestation from 25 weeks until term. The periotic duct width remains the same throughout the gestation. The cochlear aqueduct width diminishes with gestational age. The periotic duct remains patent throughout 16-40 weeks in utero.
人类胎儿内耳周管及其相邻区域发育的后期阶段（子宫内16 - 40周）表明，关键发育阶段在六周时间（20 - 26周）内分四个特定的时间相关阶段发生。首先，岩尖骨化，将下蜗静脉分隔至科图尼奥管，并形成蜗水管的内侧壁（22周）；其次，小管状耳囊与蜗状耳囊融合，封闭许特尔裂，并形成蜗水管的外侧壁（24周）；第三，岩尖处膜迷路和耳蜗内侧表面的渐进性骨沉积使内耳周管和蜗水管延长（子宫内32周）；第四，蛛网膜组织在子宫内20 - 24周和34 - 40周时向内耳周管内活跃生长。最终事件是子宫内32周时内耳周管的中枢神经系统开口增宽。内耳周管和蜗水管的长度从25周直到足月随着孕周增加。内耳周管的宽度在整个孕期保持不变。蜗水管的宽度随着孕周增加而减小。内耳周管在子宫内16 - 40周期间一直保持通畅。
