A critical review of electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of higher cortical functions.

Since Berger's original observations of alpha intensity reductions accompanying mental activity, studies have attempted to elucidate spontaneous (background) EEG correlates of complex mental functions in normal adults. These efforts have failed to develop a model that successfully relates EEG patterns to aspects of cognition. Representative studies are criticized, and guidelines of minimal criteria for conducting research in this area are presented.