Kohl H H, Wheatley W B, Worley S D, Bodor N
J Pharm Sci. 1980 Nov;69(11):1292-5. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600691116.
Cellular mechanisms of action of two representative N-chloramines were studied. Both compounds, 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (I) and N-chlorosuccinimide (III), inhibited bacterial growth and exerted profound inhibition of bacterial DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis at a concentration of 10(-5) M. Enzymes containing sulfhydryl groups generally were significantly inhibited by these chloramines at 10(-4) M. Dihydrofolate reductase, which contains no sulfhydryl groups, also was inhibited but at much higher chloramine concentrations (10(-2) M); ribonuclease, which also contains no sulfhydryl groups, was unaffected. All of these inhibitory effects of the chloramines could be prevented if sulfhydryl-containing reagents (mercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol) were added before or together with the chloramine. Once inhibition was produced by the chloramine, it was not reversible by later addition of the sulfhydryl reagents. These results suggest that these chloramines act at sulfhydryl sites as well as at other sites in both cells and purified enzymes.
研究了两种代表性N-氯胺的细胞作用机制。两种化合物，即3-氯-4,4-二甲基-2-恶唑烷酮（I）和N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺（III），在浓度为10^(-5) M时均抑制细菌生长，并对细菌DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成产生显著抑制作用。含巯基的酶通常在10^(-4) M的浓度下被这些氯胺显著抑制。不含巯基的二氢叶酸还原酶也受到抑制，但所需氯胺浓度要高得多（10^(-2) M）；同样不含巯基的核糖核酸酶则未受影响。如果在氯胺之前或同时加入含巯基的试剂（巯基乙醇或二硫苏糖醇），则可以防止氯胺的所有这些抑制作用。一旦氯胺产生抑制作用，随后加入巯基试剂并不能使其逆转。这些结果表明，这些氯胺在细胞和纯化酶中的巯基位点以及其他位点都有作用。
