Horster M
Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Oct 1;58(19):965-73. doi: 10.1007/BF01476867.
Kidney cells, when isolated and cultivated in vitro, retain differentiated renal properties. Glomerular epithelial and mesangial cells from animal and human kidneys express their normal ultrastructure and the ability for basement membrane biosynthesis. Mesangial cells in culture have been utilized particularly for the study of hormonal tissue receptors, of prostaglandin production, and of their contractile response to various hormonal stimuli. Cells of tubule origin have been a valuable tool for the study of transport mechanism which, as a consequence of the heterogeneity of nephron functions, can not be assessed in vivo. Ion transport and its structural basis, as well as transport regulation by hormones has been studied in established epithelial cell lines. Induction of ion transport and enzyme activities, and the control of cell proliferation and differentiation has also been succesfully evaluated in cultured epithelia derived from the kidney. Future work will attempt to prepare cell lines from defined nephron segments to study chemical and physical phenomena of renal disease.
肾细胞在体外分离培养时，仍保留其分化的肾脏特性。来自动物和人类肾脏的肾小球上皮细胞和系膜细胞表现出其正常的超微结构以及合成基底膜的能力。培养中的系膜细胞尤其被用于研究激素组织受体、前列腺素的产生以及它们对各种激素刺激的收缩反应。肾小管来源的细胞一直是研究转运机制的宝贵工具，由于肾单位功能的异质性，无法在体内进行评估。离子转运及其结构基础，以及激素对转运的调节，已在已建立的上皮细胞系中进行了研究。在源自肾脏的培养上皮细胞中，也成功评估了离子转运和酶活性的诱导以及细胞增殖和分化的控制。未来的工作将尝试从特定的肾单位节段制备细胞系，以研究肾脏疾病的化学和物理现象。
