Sonne-Holm S, Heisterberg L, Hebjøorn S, Dyring-Andersen K, Andersen J T, Hejl B L
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Mar 15;139(6):693-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(81)90488-9.
The efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in induced first-trimester abortions was investigated in a double-blind study. Of the 493 women in the study, 254 received doses of 2 million IU of penicillin G intramuscularly one-half hour before and 3 hours after the procedure, followed by 350 mg of pivampicillin three times daily for 4 days, and 239 women received corresponding doses of placebo. The incidence of pelvic infectious complications was 5.5% in the treated group and 10.9% in the control group (p = 0.05). The difference could be attributed to a selective prophylactic effect in women who had earlier suffered from pelvic inflammatory disease (N = 105). The rate of infection in this group was 22.4% among those receiving placebo and 2.1% among those receiving antibiotics (p = 0.006). Prophylactic administration of antibiotics for first-trimester abortions should be used in women who have earlier had pelvic inflammatory disease.
在一项双盲研究中，对预防性抗生素治疗在孕早期人工流产中的疗效进行了调查。该研究中的493名女性中，254名在手术前半小时和手术后3小时接受了200万国际单位青霉素G的肌肉注射，随后每天三次服用350毫克匹氨西林，持续4天，239名女性接受了相应剂量的安慰剂。治疗组盆腔感染并发症的发生率为5.5%，对照组为10.9%（p = 0.05）。这种差异可能归因于对早期患有盆腔炎的女性（N = 105）的选择性预防作用。在该组中，接受安慰剂的女性感染率为22.4%，接受抗生素的女性感染率为2.1%（p = 0.006）。对于早期患有盆腔炎的女性，孕早期人工流产时应预防性使用抗生素。
