采用沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体试验对纸浆和造纸厂废水中鉴定出的成分进行致突变性研究。

Mutagenicity of constituents identified in pulp and paper mill effluents using the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome assay.

作者信息

Nestmann E R, Lee E G, Matula T I, Douglas G R, Mueller J C

出版信息

Mutat Res. 1980 Nov;79(3):203-12. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(80)90067-1.

Abstract

About 300 compounds have been reported in the literature as constituents of pulp-mill effluent. Previously, in our screening program, 10 resin acids identified in effluent were examined for potential mutagenicity in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome assay. Neoabietic acid was the only resin acid which was found to be mutagenic. Now, a program to screen for mutagenicity of 48 additional compounds, belonging to chemical classes of chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, aldehydes, quinones, and carboxylic acids, has been completed. Only 2 of these compounds, tetrachloropropene and pentachloropropene, were found to be mutagenic, showing dose-related increases in His+ reversion mutations, in the standard Salmonella test. Metabolic activation with a preparation of Aroclor 1254-induced liver homogenate (S9) greatly reduced the mutagenic responses of these 2 compounds. Modifications of the Salmonella test for volatile mutagens enabled the detection of the mutagenicity of 3 additional chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons dichloromethane, dichloroethane and trichloroethane.

摘要

文献报道，纸浆厂废水中含有约300种化合物。此前，在我们的筛选项目中，对废水中鉴定出的10种树脂酸进行了沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体试验，检测其潜在致突变性。新枞酸是唯一被发现具有致突变性的树脂酸。现在，一项针对48种其他化合物致突变性的筛选项目已经完成，这些化合物属于氯代脂肪烃和芳烃、酚类、醛类、醌类和羧酸类化学类别。在标准沙门氏菌试验中，这些化合物中只有四氯丙烯和五氯丙烯被发现具有致突变性，表现出与剂量相关的组氨酸回复突变增加。用艾氏剂1254诱导的肝匀浆（S9）制剂进行代谢活化，大大降低了这2种化合物的致突变反应。对挥发性诱变剂的沙门氏菌试验进行改进后，能够检测出另外3种氯代脂肪烃二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷和三氯乙烷的致突变性。