Nestmann E R, Lee E G, Matula T I, Douglas G R, Mueller J C
Mutat Res. 1980 Nov;79(3):203-12. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(80)90067-1.
About 300 compounds have been reported in the literature as constituents of pulp-mill effluent. Previously, in our screening program, 10 resin acids identified in effluent were examined for potential mutagenicity in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome assay. Neoabietic acid was the only resin acid which was found to be mutagenic. Now, a program to screen for mutagenicity of 48 additional compounds, belonging to chemical classes of chlorinated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, aldehydes, quinones, and carboxylic acids, has been completed. Only 2 of these compounds, tetrachloropropene and pentachloropropene, were found to be mutagenic, showing dose-related increases in His+ reversion mutations, in the standard Salmonella test. Metabolic activation with a preparation of Aroclor 1254-induced liver homogenate (S9) greatly reduced the mutagenic responses of these 2 compounds. Modifications of the Salmonella test for volatile mutagens enabled the detection of the mutagenicity of 3 additional chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons dichloromethane, dichloroethane and trichloroethane.
文献报道，纸浆厂废水中含有约300种化合物。此前，在我们的筛选项目中，对废水中鉴定出的10种树脂酸进行了沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体试验，检测其潜在致突变性。新枞酸是唯一被发现具有致突变性的树脂酸。现在，一项针对48种其他化合物致突变性的筛选项目已经完成，这些化合物属于氯代脂肪烃和芳烃、酚类、醛类、醌类和羧酸类化学类别。在标准沙门氏菌试验中，这些化合物中只有四氯丙烯和五氯丙烯被发现具有致突变性，表现出与剂量相关的组氨酸回复突变增加。用艾氏剂1254诱导的肝匀浆（S9）制剂进行代谢活化，大大降低了这2种化合物的致突变反应。对挥发性诱变剂的沙门氏菌试验进行改进后，能够检测出另外3种氯代脂肪烃二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷和三氯乙烷的致突变性。
