Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Feb;123(2):165-70. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1981.123.2.165.
We compared the bacteriologic relapse between 5 and 28 months for five 4-month chemotherapeutic regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis. The regimens were: (1) streptomycin plus isoniazid plus rifampin plus pyrazinamide daily for 8 wk followed by isoniazid plus rifampin plus pyrazinamide daily for 9 wk; (2) the same 4 initial drugs for 8 wk followed by isoniazid plus rifampin daily for 9 wk; (3) the same 4 initial drugs for 8 wk followed by isoniazid plus pyrazinamide daily for 9 wk; (4) the same 4 drugs for 8 wk followed by isoniazid daily for 9 wk; (5) the same as regimen 4; but without streptomycin for the first 8 wk. The first 2 regimens, in which rifampin was given for 4 months, had relapse rates of 16 and 11%, respectively, but the rates were much higher for the regimens in which rifampin was given for only 2 months (32 and 30 %, respectively). The addition of pyrazinamide in the continuation phase had no effect on relapse rate. Removal of the streptomycin (regimen 5) resulted in a relapse rate of 40%, but this was not significantly higher than that (30%) after regimen 4 (p = 0.2).
我们比较了五种用于治疗肺结核的4个月化疗方案在5至28个月时的细菌学复发情况。这些方案如下：（1）链霉素、异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺每日联合使用8周，随后异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺每日联合使用9周；（2）同样的4种初始药物联合使用8周，随后异烟肼、利福平每日联合使用9周；（3）同样的4种初始药物联合使用8周，随后异烟肼、吡嗪酰胺每日联合使用9周；（4）同样的4种药物联合使用8周，随后异烟肼每日使用9周；（5）与方案4相同，但前8周不使用链霉素。前两种方案中利福平使用4个月，其复发率分别为16%和11%，但利福平仅使用2个月的方案复发率要高得多（分别为32%和30%）。继续治疗阶段添加吡嗪酰胺对复发率没有影响。去除链霉素（方案5）导致复发率为40%，但这并不显著高于方案4后的复发率（30%）（p = 0.2）。
