Briggaman R A
Curr Probl Dermatol. 1980;10:115-26. doi: 10.1159/000396285.
Human skin can be grown away from its donor for prolonged periods as grafts on congenitally athymic "nude" mice. This system has been used to analyze the defect in several skin diseases, specifically to localize the site of the defect to the skin itself or to the epidermal or dermal components of the skin. In order to validate the use of the nude mouse human skin graft system in the analysis of skin defects, we have demonstrated that a systemic metabolic defect which involves the skin, namely essential fatty acid deficiency, can be differentiated from a defect residing primarily in the skin itself. Skin-marker systems have been developed for use with the nude mouse-human skin graft model to document the identity of human skin grafts and epidermal and dermal components of the grafts after prolonged periods of growth on the nude athymic mice. Y-body, a small fluorescent segment of the Y-chromosome seen in interphase cells, is used as a sex marker and serves to distinguish sex differences between the graft and the mouse recipient or between skin components of the graft. The ABH "blood-group" antigens are present on differentiated epidermal cell surfaces and identify the grafted epidermis according to the blood groups of the donor. In previous studies, lamellar ichthyosis was shown to be well maintained after prolonged periods of growth on nude athymic mice, indicating that the defect in this disease resides in the skin itself. Recombinant grafts composed of normal and lamellar ichthyosis epidermis and dermis further localize the defect to lamellar ichthyosis epidermis. Psoriasis is well maintained on the nude mouse-skin graft model. The epidermal hyperplasia and hyperproliferative epidermal cell kinetics of psoriasis are manifested in the grafts of active psoriasis maintained for prolonged periods on the nude mice, but the inflammatory component of psoriasis is absent. Recombinant graft studies utilizing normal and psoriatic epidermis and dermis demonstrate psoriasis only in recombinant grafts composed of both psoriatic epidermis and dermis. These studies indicate that psoriasis requires both psoriatic epidermis and dermis for its expression.
人类皮肤作为移植物在先天性无胸腺“裸”鼠身上可长时间在供体以外生长。该系统已被用于分析多种皮肤病的缺陷，特别是将缺陷部位定位到皮肤本身或皮肤的表皮或真皮成分。为了验证裸鼠人皮肤移植系统在皮肤缺陷分析中的应用，我们已经证明，一种涉及皮肤的全身性代谢缺陷，即必需脂肪酸缺乏，可以与主要存在于皮肤本身的缺陷区分开来。已经开发出皮肤标记系统用于裸鼠 - 人皮肤移植模型，以记录人皮肤移植物以及在无胸腺裸鼠身上长时间生长后移植物的表皮和真皮成分的特征。Y体是在间期细胞中可见的Y染色体的一小段荧光片段，用作性别标记，用于区分移植物与小鼠受体之间或移植物的皮肤成分之间的性别差异。ABH“血型”抗原存在于分化的表皮细胞表面，并根据供体的血型识别移植的表皮。在先前的研究中，板层状鱼鳞病在无胸腺裸鼠身上长时间生长后仍能良好维持，这表明该疾病的缺陷存在于皮肤本身。由正常和板层状鱼鳞病表皮及真皮组成的重组移植物进一步将缺陷定位到板层状鱼鳞病表皮。银屑病在裸鼠 - 皮肤移植模型上能良好维持。银屑病的表皮增生和表皮细胞增殖动力学在无胸腺裸鼠身上长时间维持的活动性银屑病移植物中表现出来，但银屑病的炎症成分不存在。利用正常和银屑病表皮及真皮进行的重组移植物研究表明，只有在由银屑病表皮和真皮组成的重组移植物中才会出现银屑病。这些研究表明，银屑病的表达需要银屑病的表皮和真皮两者。
