Goodman H M
Endocrinology. 1981 Jul;109(1):120-9. doi: 10.1210/endo-109-1-120.
GH produces a variety of effects in adipose tissue obtained from hypophysectomized rats. A specific antiserum to rat GH produced in a rhesus monkey was used as a tool to study the relationship of these responses to each other. In all, five different metabolic responses produced by adding 1 microgram/ml rat GH to segments of epididymal fat obtained from hypophysectomized rats were studied. Three of these, stimulation of [U-14C]glucose oxidation to 14CO2, stimulation of L-[1-14C]leucine oxidation to 14CO2, and inhibition of epinephrine-induced lipolysis, are insulin-like. They begin after lag periods of about 25, 35, and 15 min, respectively, and disappear by about 180 min. The addition of antiserum simultaneously with the hormone or within the first 10 min thereafter blocked all three responses. When added more than 10-15 min after GH the antiserum failed to block insulin-like responses measured 30-60 min later, even if the response was prolonged into the fourth hour by adding actinomycin D along with GH to block the cellular restorative processes. Thus, insulin-like effects, once triggered, appear to be independent of the continued presence of the hormone. Furthermore, differences in the lag periods required for each insulin-like response appear to be due to the times required to carry out postreceptor events. Delayed lipolysis, observable in the presence of theophylline, becomes evident only after at least 1 h and can also be blocked by the simultaneous addition of hormone and antiserum. The tissue-hormone interaction which initiates this effect occurs rapidly, and its appearance in the second hour of incubation cannot be blocked if the antiserum is added 5 min after GH. This response persists for at least 5 h. The addition of antiserum 60 or 120 min after GH aborts the lipolytic response, but only after a delay of about 1 h. Thus, unlike the insulin-like responses, the accelerated rate of lipolysis requires the continued presence of the hormone to persist. After the insulin-like effects of GH have run their course, a second insulin-like response cannot be initiated for many hours by a second exposure to GH. The initial exposure to GH renders tissues refractory to the insulin-like action of the hormone. The induction of refractoriness, as measured in the fourth hour, can be blocked by the addition of antiserum simultaneously with GH or as much as 60 min after the hormone, suggesting that prolonged contact between tissue and hormone is required. These studies suggest that GH interacts with adipose tissue in at least three different ways, and that not all of the various responses of tissue to hormone are causally related.
生长激素（GH）对取自垂体切除大鼠的脂肪组织有多种作用。用恒河猴产生的一种针对大鼠GH的特异性抗血清作为工具，来研究这些反应之间的相互关系。总共研究了在取自垂体切除大鼠的附睾脂肪片段中添加1微克/毫升大鼠GH所产生的五种不同代谢反应。其中三种，即刺激[U-¹⁴C]葡萄糖氧化为¹⁴CO₂、刺激L-[¹-¹⁴C]亮氨酸氧化为¹⁴CO₂以及抑制肾上腺素诱导的脂解作用，具有胰岛素样作用。它们分别在约25、35和15分钟的延迟期后开始，并在约180分钟时消失。在添加激素的同时或之后的前10分钟内添加抗血清，可阻断所有这三种反应。在GH添加超过10 - 15分钟后添加抗血清，即使通过与GH一起添加放线菌素D来阻断细胞修复过程，使反应延长至第四小时，也无法阻断30 - 60分钟后测得的胰岛素样反应。因此，胰岛素样作用一旦触发，似乎就与激素的持续存在无关。此外，每种胰岛素样反应所需延迟期的差异似乎是由于受体后事件所需的时间不同。在茶碱存在下可观察到的延迟脂解作用，至少在1小时后才明显，并且也可通过同时添加激素和抗血清来阻断。引发这种作用的组织 - 激素相互作用迅速发生，如果在GH添加5分钟后添加抗血清，则无法阻断其在孵育第二小时的出现。这种反应持续至少5小时。在GH添加60或120分钟后添加抗血清可中止脂解反应，但要延迟约1小时。因此，与胰岛素样反应不同，脂解作用加速需要激素持续存在才能持续。GH的胰岛素样作用结束后，再次暴露于GH数小时内无法引发第二种胰岛素样反应。最初暴露于GH会使组织对该激素的胰岛素样作用产生不应性。在第四小时测量的不应性诱导，可通过在添加GH的同时或在激素添加后多达60分钟添加抗血清来阻断，这表明组织与激素之间需要长时间接触。这些研究表明，GH与脂肪组织至少以三种不同方式相互作用，并且组织对激素的并非所有不同反应都存在因果关系。
