Cascarano J, Migler R A, Wilson M A
J Nutr. 1978 Oct;108(10):1606-15. doi: 10.1093/jn/108.10.1606.
An analysis of starvation and starvation followed by refeeding was undertaken to characterize some organismic, organ, and mitochondrial responses to these two circumstances. Body weight, organismic respiration as well as weight protein and succinic dehydrogenase activity for liver, kidney, and heart were determined over the course of 6 days of starvation and 5 days refeeding for adult male rats. Assays of marker enzyme activities for mitochondria (cytochrome oxidase), lysosomes (acid phosphatase), endoplasmic reticulum (glucose-6-phosphatase), and plasma membranes (5'-nucleotidase) were conducted for liver in addition to quantitations of mitochondrial protein. All enzyme determinations were done on whole tissue homogenates and reported as total organ activity. Liver mitochondria were harvested quantitatively directly from whole liver homogenates by zonal centrifugation for determination of mitochondrial protein. Starvation resulted in a major loss of body weight, organ weight, and organ protein; liver greater than kidney greater than heart. These changes were accompanied by a major reduction in organ succinic dehydrogenase activity; liver greater than kidney. In heart, succinic dehydrogenase was doubled in activity at day 2 of starvation and subsequently diminished to values not significantly lower than controls. In liver, mitochondrial mass (protein) was severely diminished. From analysis of marker enzyme activities, it appeared that lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane were also decreased. Refeeding restored the greatest part of these losses within 5 days.
对饥饿及饥饿后再喂食进行了分析，以描述机体、器官和线粒体对这两种情况的一些反应。在成年雄性大鼠饥饿6天和再喂食5天的过程中，测定了体重、机体呼吸以及肝脏、肾脏和心脏的蛋白质重量和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性。除了对线粒体蛋白质进行定量外，还对肝脏中的线粒体（细胞色素氧化酶）、溶酶体（酸性磷酸酶）、内质网（葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶）和质膜（5'-核苷酸酶）的标记酶活性进行了测定。所有酶的测定均在全组织匀浆上进行，并报告为器官总活性。通过区带离心从全肝匀浆中直接定量收获肝脏线粒体，用于测定线粒体蛋白质。饥饿导致体重、器官重量和器官蛋白质大量流失；肝脏大于肾脏大于心脏。这些变化伴随着器官琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的大幅降低；肝脏大于肾脏。在心脏中，饥饿第2天时琥珀酸脱氢酶活性增加一倍，随后降至不显著低于对照组的值。在肝脏中，线粒体质量（蛋白质）严重减少。从标记酶活性分析来看，溶酶体、内质网和质膜似乎也减少了。再喂食在5天内恢复了这些损失的大部分。
