Abu-Asha H, Ibrahim A, Rahman A, Salih M, Beleil O M
J Trop Med Hyg. 1978 Jul;81(7):120-5.
This is a prospective study on 24 patients with chronic renal failure. Thirteen of them had evidence of acute uraemic encephalopathy. Of those 9 patients were found to have dilutional hyponatraemia, two patients severe salt and water depletion and one patient septicaemia. Hyponatraemia was associated with pulmonary oedema in 3 patients. Correction of salt and water disturbances and treatment of heart failure improved cerebral functions in 10 (77%) patients. It is therefore concluded that dilutional hyponatraemia probably leading to cerebral oedema is a reversibe major factor in the development of acute uraemic encephalopathy. This, if left uncorrected, may prove fatal especially in tropical countries.
这是一项针对24例慢性肾衰竭患者的前瞻性研究。其中13例有急性尿毒症脑病的证据。在这些患者中，9例被发现有稀释性低钠血症，2例有严重的盐和水缺失，1例有败血症。低钠血症与3例患者的肺水肿有关。纠正盐和水紊乱以及治疗心力衰竭使10例（77%）患者的脑功能得到改善。因此得出结论，稀释性低钠血症可能导致脑水肿，是急性尿毒症脑病发生的一个可逆转的主要因素。如果不加以纠正，这可能是致命的，尤其是在热带国家。
