Kendler K S, Davis K L
Schizophr Bull. 1981;7(4):689-709. doi: 10.1093/schbul/7.4.689.
Genetic and biochemical findings in paranoid schizophrenia and other paranoid psychoses are reviewed. Although the data suggesting a lower genetic loading for schizophrenia in paranoid versus nonparanoid schizophrenia are unclear, paranoid schizophrenia does, to a limited extent, breed true within families. Monozygotic twins concordant for schizophrenia tend to be either both paranoid or both nonparanoid schizophrenics. In all studies, the risk for schizophrenia in the relatives of patients with paranoid psychosis is close to that found in the normal population. Genetic studies provide no evidence for a link between affective illness and either paranoid schizophrenia or paranoid psychosis. Although reports of low platelet monoamine oxidase activity in paranoid schizophrenia have not been confirmed, recent results suggest that brain norepinephrine levels may be higher in paranoid than in nonparanoid schizophrenics. Genetic and biochemical findings suggest some differences between paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenia, but definitive clarification of the relationship between these two syndromes must await future research. From a genetic perspective, paranoid psychosis appears to bear little relationship to schizophrenia.
本文综述了偏执型精神分裂症和其他偏执性精神病的遗传学及生物化学研究结果。虽然关于偏执型精神分裂症与非偏执型精神分裂症相比，其遗传负荷较低的数据尚不明确，但偏执型精神分裂症在一定程度上确实会在家族中遗传。患精神分裂症的同卵双胞胎往往要么都是偏执型精神分裂症患者，要么都是非偏执型精神分裂症患者。在所有研究中，偏执性精神病患者亲属患精神分裂症的风险与正常人群相近。遗传学研究没有提供情感性疾病与偏执型精神分裂症或偏执性精神病之间存在关联的证据。虽然关于偏执型精神分裂症患者血小板单胺氧化酶活性降低的报道尚未得到证实，但最近的研究结果表明，偏执型精神分裂症患者大脑中的去甲肾上腺素水平可能高于非偏执型精神分裂症患者。遗传学和生物化学研究结果表明偏执型精神分裂症与非偏执型精神分裂症之间存在一些差异，但这两种综合征之间关系的确切阐明尚需未来的研究。从遗传学角度来看，偏执性精神病似乎与精神分裂症关系不大。
