Sexauer C L, Matson J R
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1981 Nov-Dec;11(6):484-7.
Anemia is one of the most characteristic and visable manifestations of chronic renal failure. Investigators in the past decade have provided a better understanding of this anemia. The etiology of the anemia of chronic renal failure has three facets: first is reduced erythropoietin production by damaged kidneys; second is the presence of inhibitors to red blood cell (RBC) production in uremic serum; and third is red blood cell hemolysis. Unfortunately, transfusion therapy with its expense and risk of transmissable viral disease remains the mainstay of management for symptomatic anemia. Other modalities include dialysis, androgens, histidine supplementation, and erythropoietin replacement.
贫血是慢性肾衰竭最典型、最明显的表现之一。过去十年里，研究人员对这种贫血有了更深入的了解。慢性肾衰竭贫血的病因有三个方面：一是受损肾脏产生促红细胞生成素减少；二是尿毒症血清中存在抑制红细胞生成的物质；三是红细胞溶血。遗憾的是，输血治疗因其费用及传播病毒性疾病的风险，仍是治疗症状性贫血的主要手段。其他治疗方式包括透析、雄激素、补充组氨酸以及促红细胞生成素替代治疗。
