Stimulation of B cells, but not T cells or thymocytes, by a sialic acid-specific lectin.

Haemolymph of the American lobster, Homarus americanus, contains several lectins. One of these, lobster agglutinin 1 (LAg1) is specific for N-acetylneuraminic acid and agglutinates mouse and human erythrocytes. In addition, this lectin agglutinates peripheral T cells and cortisone-resistant thymocytes, but agglutinates whole thymocytes poorly. Because this material is being used to prepare purified populations of cortical thymocytes, and then to study their maturation, it was important to determine if it is mitogenic for thymocytes and T cells. Thus, the studies described here were conducted to find if LAg1 is a mitogen for mouse lymphocytes, and if so for what cell populations. The data show that purified LAg1, but not purified lobster agglutinin 2 (LAg2) is a mitogen for mouse spleen cells, and that LAg1 is a polyclonal activator. Furthermore, LAg1 is a B-cell mitogen since it stimulates nude spleen cells, nude spleen cells depleted of pre-T cells, and normal spleen cells which have been treated with rabbit anti-mouse brain antiserum and complement. Moreover, LAg1 does not stimulate division by thymocytes or T cells, that is, spleen cells which do not adhere to nylon wool columns. Mitogenic activity of LAg1 but not of LPS is inhibited by N-acetylmannosamine, demonstrating that the mitogenic effects of LAg1 are unlikely to be due to contaminants.