Gorakshakar Ajit C, Ghosh Kanjaksha
Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institute of Immunohaematology, KEM Hospital Campus, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Asian J Transfus Sci. 2016 Jan-Jun;10(1):12-21. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.172180.
Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins present in seeds of many plants, especially corals and beans, in fungi and bacteria, and in animals. Apart from their hemagglutinating property, a wide range of functions have been attributed to them. Their importance in the area of immunohematology is immense. They are used to detect specific red cell antigens, to activate different types of lymphocytes, in order to resolve problems related to polyagglutination and so on. The introduction of advanced biotechnological tools generates new opportunities to exploit the properties of lectins, which were not used earlier. Stem cell research is a very important area in transplant medicine. Certain lectins detect surface markers of stem cell. Hence, they are used to understand the developmental biology of stem cells. The role of various lectins in the areas of transfusion and transplant medicine is discussed in detail in this review.
凝集素是存在于许多植物种子（尤其是豆类和珊瑚豆）、真菌、细菌以及动物体内的碳水化合物结合蛋白。除了具有血细胞凝集特性外，它们还具有广泛的功能。它们在免疫血液学领域的重要性极大。它们被用于检测特定的红细胞抗原、激活不同类型的淋巴细胞，以解决与多凝集等相关的问题。先进生物技术工具的引入为利用凝集素的特性创造了新机会，这些特性以前未被利用。干细胞研究是移植医学中一个非常重要的领域。某些凝集素可检测干细胞的表面标志物。因此，它们被用于了解干细胞的发育生物学。本综述详细讨论了各种凝集素在输血和移植医学领域中的作用。
