Segel G B
Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1981 Winter;3(4):433-8.
The production of antibody or cell-mediated immunity to foreign antigens requires interaction with the requisite B- or T-lymphocytes. When human lymphocytes encounter antigens or plant lectins, they undergo a series of changes which ultimately result in lymphocyte proliferation and an appropriate immunologic response. Antigens or lectins first attach to specific receptors on the lymphocyte membrane. This attachment is followed by changes in membrane permeability and transport of various nutrients and cations. Some of these changes, such as the increase in the transport of sodium and potassium, are adaptive, maintain the internal cation environment, and permit mitogenesis to proceed. Others such as changes in calcium metabolism appear regulatory rather than adaptive and are closely linked with initiation of proliferation and immunologic response. The lymphocyte, like other mammalian cells, maintains a very low free internal calcium concentration. Changes in internal ionized calcium can regulate secretion, contraction, and cell proliferation. The mechanism of calcium regulation is currently under investigation. Calcium may interact directly with cellular enzymes or regulate lymphocyte metabolism in conjunction with a regulatory calcium binding (modulator) protein, "calmodulin".
针对外来抗原产生抗体或细胞介导免疫需要与必需的B淋巴细胞或T淋巴细胞相互作用。当人类淋巴细胞遇到抗原或植物凝集素时，它们会经历一系列变化，最终导致淋巴细胞增殖和适当的免疫反应。抗原或凝集素首先附着于淋巴细胞膜上的特异性受体。这种附着之后是膜通透性的变化以及各种营养物质和阳离子的转运。其中一些变化，如钠和钾转运的增加，具有适应性，维持内部阳离子环境，并使有丝分裂得以进行。其他变化，如钙代谢的变化，似乎具有调节作用而非适应性，并且与增殖和免疫反应的启动密切相关。淋巴细胞与其他哺乳动物细胞一样，维持着非常低的细胞内游离钙浓度。细胞内离子钙的变化可以调节分泌、收缩和细胞增殖。钙调节机制目前正在研究中。钙可能直接与细胞酶相互作用，或与一种调节性钙结合（调节）蛋白“钙调蛋白”一起调节淋巴细胞代谢。
