[Kidney allograft in familial Mediterranean fever a case report and review of the literature (author's transl)].

Chronic renal insufficiency in an Algerian patient with familial mediterranean fever and amyloidosis was treated by kidney transplantation. Diagnosis of the affection was confirmed by the onset of typical acute episodes during haemodialysis, and a bone marrow biopsy established the presence of amyloidosis. The transplant was unsuccessful at an early stage with infective complications. The incidence of similar complications and deaths (11 cases) was particularly high in the 23 previously reported patients in whom transplants had been performed, and no definite relationship was able to be established between the course of the disease and treatment by haemodialysis or transplantation. The functional prognosis of the transplant was apparently not adversely affected by the recurrence of amyloidosis in 3 cases.