Hoffman R J
J Homosex. 1980 Spring;5(3):217-26. doi: 10.1300/J082v05n03_05.
A brief examination of Greek social structures, history, and cosmology reveals several points about the nature of, and attitudes towards, male homosexual practices in the classical period. First, due to the overwhelming importance of the Hellenic family, few men seem to have engaged exclusively in homosexual acts. Second, historical sources for Attica indicate that, although most men may have married, homosexual behavior was widespread among all levels of society and was considered no more opprobrious than heterosexual behavior. Third, the Greek cosmology, with its unbounded sexuality and constant blurring of sex roles, provided an atmosphere in which homosexuality was regarded by Athenians as neither irreligious nor unnatural.
对希腊社会结构、历史和宇宙观的简要考察揭示了古典时期男性同性恋行为的本质及人们对其态度的几个要点。首先,由于希腊家庭极其重要,似乎很少有男性完全只从事同性恋行为。其次,阿提卡的历史资料表明,尽管大多数男性可能已结婚,但同性恋行为在社会各阶层都很普遍,且被认为并不比异性恋行为更可鄙。第三,希腊的宇宙观具有无边界的性取向及性别角色的持续模糊性,营造了一种氛围,在这种氛围中,雅典人认为同性恋既不违背宗教也并非不自然。