Berland L L, Lawson T L, Foley W D, Albarelli J N
Radiol Clin North Am. 1982 Jun;20(2):367-82.
Sonography is used infrequently for diagnosing acute pelvic inflammatory disease because the physical examination is highly sensitive, because the sonogram lacks specificity, and because the patient is often scheduled for surgery or laparoscopy or treated medically based on clinical findings, obviating the need for diagnostic studies. Sonography is usually reserved for identifying, localizing, and following pelvic abscesses complicating pelvic inflammatory disease. The sonogram is valuable in identifying the location of intrauterine devices because of the increased incidence of inflammatory pelvic disease in these patients. Postoperative and posttraumatic abscesses and abscesses of gastrointestinal origin may require the concomitant use of computed tomography and radionuclide studies, with ultrasonography performing a complementary function. The ultrasound examination may be valuable both in improving diagnostic confidence and providing guidance for aspiration. Because of the limited spectrum of appearances of numerous pelvic diseases, the most accurate diagnoses are obtained when the sonogram is interpreted in light of the detailed clinical information.
超声检查很少用于诊断急性盆腔炎，因为体格检查高度敏感，超声检查缺乏特异性，而且患者通常会根据临床检查结果安排手术、腹腔镜检查或接受药物治疗，从而无需进行诊断性检查。超声检查通常用于识别、定位和追踪盆腔炎并发的盆腔脓肿。由于这些患者盆腔炎的发病率增加，超声检查对于识别宫内节育器的位置很有价值。术后和创伤后脓肿以及胃肠道源性脓肿可能需要同时使用计算机断层扫描和放射性核素检查，超声检查起辅助作用。超声检查在提高诊断可信度和为穿刺提供指导方面可能都很有价值。由于众多盆腔疾病的表现范围有限，结合详细的临床信息解读超声检查结果时，能获得最准确的诊断。
