Hasse J, Burkart F, Grädel E
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1978 Sep 23;108(38):1470-4.
Embolization of central venous devices, such as infusion catheters, ventriculo-atrial drains for hydrocephalus or intracardial pacemaker leads, may cause fatal secondary complications. Removal of the embolized foreign bodies is therefore mandatory in the majority of cases. 26 in a series of 27 patients underwent removal procedures which have been successful in 24. The specific approach is described in the different subgroups of embolized foreign bodies. Removal has been achieved transvenously through the internal jugular vein in most instances of embolization of infusion or pressure catheters, using forceps or ureteric stone catheters. Thoracotomy was necessary in 8 patients, twice with with cardio-pulmonary bypass. There were no complications due to interventions for catheter extraction. This experience justifies an active approach to treatment once the diagnosis is established.
中心静脉装置（如输液导管、用于脑积水的脑室-心房引流管或心内起搏器导线）的栓塞可能会导致致命的继发性并发症。因此，在大多数情况下必须取出栓塞的异物。在27例患者中有26例接受了取出手术，其中24例成功。针对不同类型栓塞异物的具体方法在文中进行了描述。在大多数输液或压力导管栓塞的病例中，通过颈内静脉经静脉使用镊子或输尿管结石导管成功取出异物。8例患者需要开胸手术，其中2例使用了体外循环。导管取出干预过程中未出现并发症。这一经验表明，一旦确诊，采取积极的治疗方法是合理的。
