Chapin C, Tseng C, Lieberman P
J Acoust Soc Am. 1982 Jan;71(1):179-86. doi: 10.1121/1.387345.
In recent work Blumstein and Stevens (J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 1001-1017 (19179); 67, 648-662 (1980) have proposed that the short-term onset spectra at stop-consonant releases provide invariant cues for the perception of place of articulation, and that the salient acoustic characteristics of these cues can be characterized by a set of templates. The present study investigated the suitability of these templates for characterizing place of articulation in utterance-initial voiced stop consonants produced by two children 71-75 weeks old in spontaneous discourse. The overall correct categorization rate for the templates was 65%, with 70% correct categorizations for the bilabial template, 85% for the alveolar template, and 40% for the velar template. The results of a perceptual study in which listeners were asked to identify place of articulation for computer-edited 15-, 25-, 40-, and 135-ms samples of the initial parts of these utterances were compared with the results of the template matching study. Although listeners' identification of place of articulation was at well above chance level on even the 15-ms tokens, there was no correlation between the results of the template-matching study and the perceptual data. The perceptual data thus indicate that short-term onset cues exist in the spontaneous speech of children at an early stage of language development, however, these cues do not appear to be adequately characterized by the Blumstein-Stevens templates.
在最近的研究中，布卢姆斯坦和史蒂文斯（《美国声学学会杂志》66卷，1001 - 1017页（1979年）；67卷，648 - 662页（1980年））提出，塞音释放时的短期起始频谱为发音部位的感知提供了不变的线索，并且这些线索的显著声学特征可以用一组模板来表征。本研究调查了这些模板对于表征两名71 - 75周大儿童在自发话语中 utterance-initial 浊塞音发音部位的适用性。模板的总体正确分类率为65%，双唇音模板的正确分类率为70%，齿龈音模板为85%，软腭音模板为40%。将一项感知研究的结果与模板匹配研究的结果进行了比较，在感知研究中，要求听众识别这些话语起始部分经计算机编辑的15毫秒、25毫秒、40毫秒和135毫秒样本的发音部位。尽管即使是15毫秒的片段，听众对发音部位的识别也远高于随机水平，但模板匹配研究的结果与感知数据之间没有相关性。因此，感知数据表明，在语言发展的早期阶段，儿童的自发言语中存在短期起始线索，然而，这些线索似乎不能被布卢姆斯坦 - 史蒂文斯模板充分表征。
