Svenningsen N W, Lindroth M, Lindquist B
Early Hum Dev. 1982 Jan;6(1):47-58. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(82)90056-1.
In a prospective longitudinal study of 48 very low birth weight and preterm infants with mean birth weight 1385 +/- 343 g and gestational age 30.8 +/- 2.9 weeks an assessment was made of the impact of varying the protein intake in the postnatal period from the 3rd to 7th week of life. The infants were randomly allocated to one of three dietary groups with isocaloric energy supply but different protein content, i.e. human milk (1.6 g/100 kcal), formula 1 (2.3 g/100 kcal) and formula 2 (3.0 g/100 kcal). In the human milk group 12 of 18 infants were fed their own mother's breastmilk. During the study period the mean weight gain was slight higher in the infants fed formula. There were no group differences in S-albumin but B-urea-N and B-base deficit were significantly higher in formula-fed infants compared to infants fed human milk. After the study period that lasted to about 20 weeks of age the slope in weight gain remained slightly higher for formula fed infants, whereas the gain in body length and hear circumference was equal in all three groups. After around 8 months of age there was no difference in any growth parameter. Neurodevelopmental examinations showed no group differences during the follow-up period to 2 years of age. With few exceptions breastmilk-preferably from their own mothers-was adequate for both early and longterm growth and development of the very low birth weight infants in this population.
在一项对48名极低出生体重和早产婴儿的前瞻性纵向研究中，这些婴儿的平均出生体重为1385±343克，胎龄为30.8±2.9周，研究评估了出生后第3至7周不同蛋白质摄入量的影响。婴儿被随机分配到三个饮食组之一，能量供应等热量但蛋白质含量不同，即母乳（1.6克/100千卡）、配方奶1（2.3克/100千卡）和配方奶2（3.0克/100千卡）。在母乳组中，18名婴儿中有12名喂养自己母亲的母乳。在研究期间，喂养配方奶的婴儿平均体重增加略高。血清白蛋白无组间差异，但与母乳喂养的婴儿相比，配方奶喂养的婴儿血尿素氮和碱缺失明显更高。在持续到约20周龄的研究期后，配方奶喂养婴儿的体重增加斜率仍略高，而三组婴儿的身长和头围增加相同。在约8个月龄后，任何生长参数均无差异。神经发育检查显示，在随访至2岁期间无组间差异。除少数例外情况外，母乳（最好是自己母亲的母乳）对该人群中极低出生体重婴儿的早期和长期生长发育都是足够的。
