Ounsted M, Scott A
Early Hum Dev. 1982 Jan;6(1):83-9. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(82)90061-5.
The effects of social class on birthweight, and its interactions with other maternal factors, were examined in groups of women bearing small-for-dates (SFD), average-for-dates (AFD) and large-for-dates (LFD) babies. The relative risk of a lower social class woman having an SFD baby steadily decreased from 1.75 to 1.20 as adjustment was cumulatively made for smoking, hypertension, maternal age and height. The subsequent addition of weight and weight-for-height made little change. The unadjusted risk of a lower social class woman having a LFD baby was very close to unity (0.99). Adjustment for other maternal factors, in the same order as at the other extreme, showed a steady rise to a significant level (1.45) when height was included; but there was a sharp reversal to a non-significant risk of 1.12 when weight was added. The large contribution of obesity in the lower classes seems to counterbalance those for height, age and smoking in the upper classes in the LFD group. The interactional effects of other maternal factors and social class are not operating to an equal and opposite degree at the two extremes of the birthweight range.
在一组分别怀有小于胎龄儿（SFD）、适于胎龄儿（AFD）和大于胎龄儿（LFD）的女性群体中，研究了社会阶层对出生体重的影响及其与其他母体因素的相互作用。随着对吸烟、高血压、产妇年龄和身高进行累积调整，社会阶层较低的女性生出小于胎龄儿的相对风险从1.75稳步降至1.20。随后加入体重和身高体重比后变化不大。社会阶层较低的女性生出大于胎龄儿的未调整风险非常接近1（0.99）。按照与另一端相同的顺序对其他母体因素进行调整，当纳入身高时，风险稳步上升至显著水平（1.45）；但加入体重后，风险急剧逆转至不显著的1.12。在大于胎龄儿组中，较低阶层肥胖的巨大影响似乎抵消了较高阶层在身高、年龄和吸烟方面的影响。在出生体重范围的两个极端，其他母体因素和社会阶层的相互作用程度并不相等且相反。
