Barron K D, Dentinger M P, Koeppen A H
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1982 Mar;41(2):186-203. doi: 10.1097/00005072-198203000-00007.
Ultrastructural study of hypertrophied inferior olives from three cases of palatal myoclonus revealed tha nerve cells not infrequently contained numerous round, homogeneously electron-dense granules (mean diameter, 360 nm) located within expanded cisternal profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Control tissue did not contain similar structures. These granules may consist of proteinaceous secretion of the RER which, for reason unknown, accumulates during transsynaptic degeneration of the inferior olive. Additional noteworthy electron microscopic features of neurons of the hypertrophied olive were as follows: 1. neurofilamentous hyperplasia, greater in dendrites than in perikarya; 2. vacuoles in intermediate and large (up to 15 mum) size, derived from RER; and 3. prominent intracytoplasmic protrusions by boutons containing dense core vesicles (mean diameter, 98 nm). Glomeruloids were identified ultrastructurally and consisted of numerous boutons interspersed among neurofilament-rich dendrites and occasional, filament-packed astrocytic profiles. Frequently, these boutons also contained dense-core vesicles. It seems possible that the boutons mentioned may arise from collateral axonal sprouts.
对三例腭肌阵挛患者肥大下橄榄核的超微结构研究显示，神经细胞内常含有大量圆形、电子密度均匀的颗粒（平均直径360nm），位于粗面内质网（RER）扩张的池状结构内。对照组织未发现类似结构。这些颗粒可能由RER的蛋白质分泌组成，其因未知原因在橄榄核的跨突触变性过程中积聚。肥大橄榄核神经元其他值得注意的电镜特征如下：1. 神经丝增生，树突比胞体更明显；2. 中等大小和大（达15μm）的空泡，来源于RER；3. 含有致密核心小泡（平均直径98nm）的终扣形成明显的胞质内突起。超微结构鉴定发现类小球体由大量终扣散布于富含神经丝的树突和偶尔充满细丝的星形胶质细胞轮廓之间组成。这些终扣通常也含有致密核心小泡。上述终扣似乎可能起源于轴突侧支芽。
