Araki S, Murata K, Yanagihara S, Ushio K
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1982 Feb;49(3-4):241-50. doi: 10.1007/BF00377933.
Medical consultation rates were compared between a group of lead workers (346 males) and two groups of non-lead workers (317 and 329 males) in a newspaper company where a serious industrial dispute took place over health effects of lead three years before this study. The comparison was also made within the group of lead workers. Maximal blood lead concentrations (PbBs) ranged from 0.1 mumol/kg to 3.6 mumol/kg (74 microgram/100 g) with an average of 1.3 mumol/kg in the past three years. Ages averaged 35 years in lead workers, and 34 and 30 years in non-lead workers, the ranges being 19-55 years in all. The consultation rate of lead workers was significantly higher than that of both the non-lead workers (P less than 0.001), when the number of workers who consulted physicians or dentists once or more for a year per 100 workers (general consultation rate) was compared. Disease-specific consultation rates were also higher in lead workers for seven categories of diseases and injuries such as hypertensive disease and peptic ulcers. When lead workers were divided into three groups by PbB or erythrocytes delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) levels, however, no significantly high rate was found in the higher PhB groups not lower ALAD groups in terms of general and disease-specific consultation rates. It was concluded that the industrial dispute might have been a major cause of the high consultation rate of lead workers.
在一家报业公司，对一组铅作业工人（346名男性）和两组非铅作业工人（分别为317名和329名男性）的医疗咨询率进行了比较。在本研究开展的三年前，该公司曾就铅对健康的影响发生过一场严重的劳资纠纷。同时也在铅作业工人组内部进行了比较。在过去三年里，最高血铅浓度（PbBs）范围为0.1微摩尔/千克至3.6微摩尔/千克（74微克/100克），平均为1.3微摩尔/千克。铅作业工人的平均年龄为35岁，非铅作业工人的平均年龄分别为34岁和30岁，所有工人的年龄范围均为19至55岁。当比较每100名工人中每年向医生或牙医咨询一次及以上的工人数量（一般咨询率）时，铅作业工人的咨询率显著高于两组非铅作业工人（P<0.001）。对于高血压病和消化性溃疡等七类疾病和损伤，铅作业工人的特定疾病咨询率也更高。然而，当根据血铅浓度或红细胞δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶（ALAD）水平将铅作业工人分为三组时，就一般咨询率和特定疾病咨询率而言，在血铅浓度较高或ALAD水平不低的组中未发现显著高的咨询率。得出的结论是，劳资纠纷可能是铅作业工人咨询率高的主要原因。
