Hirvonen J, Huttunen P, Vapaatalo H
Z Rechtsmed. 1978 Sep 28;82(1):27-36. doi: 10.1007/BF02114498.
The effects of cold-acclimation, reserpine and propranolol were investigated on the survival time, rectal temperature and urinary excretion of histamine and 5-HT in guinea-pigs at -20 degrees C. Both reserpine and propranolol shortened survival time by 3 hours and 1.5 hours respectively, the shortest time being in the cold-acclimated reserpine-treated animals. There was a trend in severe cold exposure to increased excretion of histamine both in the non-acclimated and in cold-acclimated animals. Reserpine did not change the excretion but increased the concentration of histamine from 0.08 to 0.25 microgram/ml. Propranolol proved to be a histamine liberator by increasing the excretion in non-acclimated from 0.10 to 1.40 microgram/h and concentration from 0.10 to 4.52 microgram/ml and in cold-acclimated animals the excretion from 0.20 to 2.85 microgram/h and the concentration from 0.08 to 3.23 microgram/ml. Severe cold increased the excretion of 5-HT in the non-acclimated animals from 0.08 to 0.21 microgram/h and cold acclimation increased this to 0.17 microgram/h. Reserpine diminished the excretion from 0.08 to 0.03 microgram/h in the non-acclimated animals, but propranolol had no effect. The results showed that the excretion of histamine and 5-HT into urine are changed in cold and can be modified with drugs. The application of the findings in proving a cold stress deserves further study.
研究了冷适应、利血平和普萘洛尔对豚鼠在-20℃环境下的存活时间、直肠温度以及组胺和5-羟色胺尿排泄量的影响。利血平和普萘洛尔分别使存活时间缩短了3小时和1.5小时，最短存活时间出现在冷适应且经利血平处理的动物中。在非冷适应和冷适应动物中，严重寒冷暴露均有使组胺排泄增加的趋势。利血平未改变排泄量，但使组胺浓度从0.08微克/毫升增至0.25微克/毫升。普萘洛尔通过使非冷适应动物的排泄量从0.10微克/小时增至1.40微克/小时、浓度从0.10微克/毫升增至4.52微克/毫升，以及使冷适应动物的排泄量从0.20微克/小时增至2.85微克/小时、浓度从0.08微克/毫升增至3.23微克/毫升，证明是一种组胺释放剂。严重寒冷使非冷适应动物的5-羟色胺排泄量从0.08微克/小时增至0.21微克/小时，冷适应则使其增至0.17微克/小时。利血平使非冷适应动物的排泄量从0.08微克/小时减至0.03微克/小时，但普萘洛尔无此作用。结果表明，寒冷会改变组胺和5-羟色胺的尿排泄量，且可被药物改变。这些研究结果在证明冷应激方面的应用值得进一步研究。
