Insulin and growth hormone secretion in dialyzed children: influence of dietary manipulation.

The insulin and growth hormone responses to arginine and the growth hormone response to insulin were studied in 10 children undergoing chronic hemodialysis 1) under usual dietary prescription and 2) after 7 days of dietary manipulation (DM) decreasing mean carbohydrate intake from 48 to 36% and increasing lipid intake from 42 to 54% (percent of total energy) with the polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio being increased from 0.2 to 2. Mean fasting insulin and growth hormone were significantly decreased after DM: 10.3 +/- 3 muunits/ml and 19.9 +/- 3.5 ng/ml before and 4.3 +/- 0.8 muunits/ml and 9.3 +/- 2.4 ng/ml after DM. The mean arginine-induced insulin peak and the growth hormone peaks after arginine and insulin remained very high after DM. There was no decrease of mean plasma triglycerides: 214 +/- 30 mg/dl before and 237 +/- 26 mg/dl after DM. However, two children who had the greatest decrease in carbohydrate intake exhibited a decrease of triglycerides and of arginine-induced insulin secretion. The percent variation of insulin area after DM was significantly correlated with the percent variation of plasma triglycerides.