Shepherd R, Harrap K R
Br J Cancer. 1982 Mar;45(3):413-20. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1982.69.
The steroids prednisolone and progesterone significantly altered the therapeutic indices of the alkylating agents, nitrogen mustard, melphalan, cyclophosphamide, phenyl acetic mustard and chlorambucil. For nitrogen mustard, chlorambucil and phenyl acetic mustard, prednisolone reduced host toxicity in the rat and enhanced the antitumour effectiveness against alkylating-agent-resistant strains of the Yoshida sarcoma and Walker carcinosarcoma. Progesterone also increased the therapeutic index of chlorambucil in the rat by decreasing its systemic toxicity. Two other alkylating agents, melphalan and cyclophosphamide, exhibited lower therapeutic indices in combination with prednisolone against alkylating-agent-sensitive tumours. This was due to the greater host toxicity of the combination than of the alkylating agent alone. In alkylating-agent-resistant tumours, however, a significant increase in growth delay was achieved if prednisolone was combined with the alkylating agent.
类固醇泼尼松龙和孕酮显著改变了烷化剂（氮芥、美法仑、环磷酰胺、苯乙酸氮芥和苯丁酸氮芥）的治疗指数。对于氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥和苯乙酸氮芥，泼尼松龙降低了大鼠体内的宿主毒性，并增强了对吉田肉瘤和沃克癌肉瘤的烷化剂耐药菌株的抗肿瘤效力。孕酮也通过降低苯丁酸氮芥在大鼠体内的全身毒性，提高了其治疗指数。另外两种烷化剂美法仑和环磷酰胺，与泼尼松龙联合用于对烷化剂敏感的肿瘤时，治疗指数较低。这是因为联合用药时宿主毒性比单独使用烷化剂时更大。然而，在对烷化剂耐药的肿瘤中，如果泼尼松龙与烷化剂联合使用，则生长延迟会显著增加。
