Sigel B, Coelho J C, Schade S G, Justin J, Spigos D G
Invest Radiol. 1982 Jan-Feb;17(1):29-33. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198201000-00005.
An explanation is proposed for the echogenicity to ultrasound scanning at 5 mHz and above of unclotted blood under conditions of stasis. In vitro experiments using blood from normal subjects and from patients with myeloma revealed that: 1) lysis of red cells prevented echogenicity, 2) echogenicity increased with increasing hematocrit, fibrinogen and other macromolecules, and temperature, and 3) blood from myeloma patients showed increased echogenicity and rouleau formation, a form of aggregation seen on peripheral smears. From these experiments it was concluded that red cell aggregation is a major cause of echogenicity of unclotted blood, requiring both intact red cells and conditions which are known to enhance red cell aggregation, such as the presence of macromolecules and increased temperature.
本文提出了一个关于在血液淤滞情况下未凝血在5兆赫兹及以上超声扫描时产生回声性的解释。使用正常受试者和骨髓瘤患者血液进行的体外实验表明：1）红细胞溶解可防止回声性产生；2）回声性随着血细胞比容、纤维蛋白原及其他大分子物质含量的增加以及温度的升高而增强；3）骨髓瘤患者的血液显示出回声性增强和缗钱状形成，缗钱状形成是在外周血涂片上可见的一种聚集形式。从这些实验得出结论，红细胞聚集是未凝血回声性的主要原因，这既需要完整的红细胞，也需要已知能增强红细胞聚集的条件，如大分子物质的存在和温度升高。
