Enjeti S, Hazelwood B, Permutt S, Menkes H, Terry P
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Oct;118(4):667-76. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1978.118.4.667.
To delineate the pattern of pulmonary function abnormalities and associated pathophysiologic mechanisms in young smokers, 205 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 25 were studied with a variety of pulmonary function tests. Differences between male and female smokers were observed. Pulmonary function abnormalities consistent with small airway dysfunction were noted in male smokers, but not in female smokers. Decreased forced expiratory flows at high lung volumes suggesting large airway dysfunction were noted in both male and female smokers. Decreases in diffusing capacity for CO consistent with abnormalities of the pulmonary vascular system were seen in smokers of both sexes, but were more prominent in females. Because men develop chronic obstruction pulmonary disease more frequently than do women even when adjustments for smoking are made, and because women develop primary pulmonary hypertension more frequently than do men, these chronic diseases may reflect distinct pathophysiologic response of the 2 sexes to agents such as cigarettes.
为了描绘年轻吸烟者肺功能异常的模式及相关病理生理机制，我们对205名年龄在18至25岁之间的志愿者进行了多种肺功能测试研究。观察到男性和女性吸烟者之间存在差异。男性吸烟者出现了与小气道功能障碍一致的肺功能异常，而女性吸烟者未出现。在男性和女性吸烟者中均观察到高肺容积时用力呼气流量降低，提示大气道功能障碍。两性吸烟者均出现与肺血管系统异常一致的一氧化碳弥散能力下降，但在女性中更为明显。由于即使在调整吸烟因素后男性比女性更频繁地发生慢性阻塞性肺疾病，且女性比男性更频繁地发生原发性肺动脉高压，这些慢性疾病可能反映了两性对香烟等物质的不同病理生理反应。
