Tzipori S, Spradbrow P B
Aust Vet J. 1978 Jul;54(7):323-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1978.tb02480.x.
A vaccine was prepared from cell culture fluids harvested from the twelfth passage of the 919 strain of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus in Vero cell cultures. Cattle were vaccinated subcutaneously with various combinations of strain 919 virus and adjuvants. Neutralising antibodies were assayed at various times after vaccination and some cattle were challenged by intravenous inoculation with the virulent 417WBC strain of BEF virus. Strain 919 virus of the third and twelfth passage levels in Vero cells produced neither fever, clinical illness nor detectable viraemia in 5 calves inoculated intravenously. Nor could viraemia be detected in 5 heifers receiving vaccine subcutaneously. When the vaccine was administered mixed with aluminium hydroxide adjuvant, the production of neutralising antibodies increased with an increase in the volume of vaccine from 2.5 ml to 10 ml and the response to 2 injections was significantly better than the response to a single injection. The neutralising antibody response was decreased when vaccine was diluted in phosphate buffered saline. The neutralising antibody response following 2 subcutaneous vaccinations with strain 919 virus mixed with aluminium hydroxide adjuvant was higher than that following intravenous inoculation with virulent virus. The vaccine-induced antibodies persisted for at least 12 months, and revaccination at this time led to an increase in the titre of neutralising antibody. Antibodies induced by a single subcutaneous administration of strain 919 virus mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant persisted for at least 40 weeks; those induced by vaccine containing Freund's incomplete adjuvant had virtually disappeared within 16 weeks. All these calves responded to vaccination with aluminium hydroxide-containing vaccine with increases in levels of neutralising antibodies. Of 26 vaccinated calves challenged with virulent BEF virus, 24 remained clinically normal. Two developed brief periods of pyrexia on the seventh day after challenge, but no other clinical signs. One of these calves had a viraemia that was demonstrated only by intravenous inoculation of a susceptible calf. The remaining calf had no detectable viraemia. All of 7 unvaccinated calves developed severe clinical BEF within 5 days of challenge. No disease attributable to the 919 virus occurred in 24 vaccinated pregnant heifers or their newborn calves.
用牛流行热（BEF）病毒919株在Vero细胞培养物中传代至第12代收获的细胞培养液制备了一种疫苗。用919株病毒与佐剂的各种组合对牛进行皮下接种。在接种后的不同时间检测中和抗体，部分牛通过静脉接种强毒BEF病毒417WBC株进行攻毒。Vero细胞中第3代和第12代的919株病毒，对5头静脉接种的犊牛均未引起发热、临床疾病或可检测到的病毒血症。对5头皮下接种疫苗的小母牛也未检测到病毒血症。当疫苗与氢氧化铝佐剂混合使用时，中和抗体的产生随着疫苗体积从2.5毫升增加到10毫升而增加，并且两次注射的反应明显优于单次注射。当疫苗用磷酸盐缓冲盐水稀释时，中和抗体反应降低。用919株病毒与氢氧化铝佐剂混合进行两次皮下接种后的中和抗体反应高于静脉接种强毒病毒后的反应。疫苗诱导的抗体至少持续12个月，此时再次接种导致中和抗体滴度增加。单次皮下注射919株病毒与弗氏完全佐剂混合诱导的抗体至少持续40周；含弗氏不完全佐剂疫苗诱导的抗体在16周内几乎消失。所有这些犊牛对含氢氧化铝疫苗的接种均有中和抗体水平升高的反应。在26头接种疫苗并经强毒BEF病毒攻毒的犊牛中，24头临床正常。2头在攻毒后第7天出现短暂发热期，但无其他临床症状。其中1头犊牛的病毒血症仅通过静脉接种易感犊牛得以证实。其余犊牛未检测到病毒血症。7头未接种疫苗的犊牛在攻毒后5天内均出现严重的临床牛流行热。24头接种疫苗的怀孕小母牛及其新生犊牛未发生由919病毒引起的疾病。
