Fedak M A, Heglund N C, Taylor C R
J Exp Biol. 1982 Apr;97:23-40. doi: 10.1242/jeb.97.1.23.
This is the second paper in a series examining the link between energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. In this paper, the changes in the kinetic energy of the limbs and body relative to the centre of mass of an animal (EKE, tot) are measured as functions of speed and body size. High-speed films (light or X-ray) of four species of quadrupeds and four species of bipeds running on a treadmill were analysed to determine EKE, tot. A mass-specific power term, EKE, tot/Mb was calculated by adding all of the increments in EKE during an integral number of strides and dividing by the time interval for the strides and body mass. The equations relating EKE, tot/Mb and speed were similar for all bipeds and quadrupeds regardless of size. One general equation for the rate at which muscle and tendons must supply energy to accelerate the limbs and body relative to the centre of mass seems to apply for all of the animals: E'KE, tot/Mb = 0.478 vg1.53 where E'KE, tot/Mb has the units W kg-1 and vg is ground speed in m s-1. Therefore, E'KE, tot/Mb does not change in parallel with the mass-specific rate at which animals consume energy (Emetab/Mb), either as a function of speed or as a function of body size.
这是关于研究陆地运动能量学与力学之间联系系列论文中的第二篇。在本文中，测量了四肢和身体相对于动物质心的动能变化（总肢体动能，EKE,tot），并将其作为速度和体型的函数。分析了在跑步机上奔跑的四种四足动物和四种两足动物的高速影片（光学或X射线），以确定总肢体动能。通过将整数步幅中总肢体动能的所有增量相加，再除以步幅的时间间隔和体重，计算出质量比功率项，即总肢体动能/体重（EKE,tot/Mb）。无论体型大小，所有两足动物和四足动物的总肢体动能/体重与速度的关系方程都相似。一个关于肌肉和肌腱必须提供能量以加速四肢和身体相对于质心的速率的通用方程似乎适用于所有动物：总肢体动能变化率/体重（E'KE,tot/Mb）= 0.478 vg^1.53，其中总肢体动能变化率/体重的单位为W kg-1，vg为地面速度，单位为m s-1。因此，无论作为速度的函数还是体型的函数，总肢体动能变化率/体重都不会与动物消耗能量的质量比速率（Emetab/Mb）同步变化。
