Jones T S, Liang A P, Kilbourne E M, Griffin M R, Patriarca P A, Wassilak S G, Mullan R J, Herrick R F, Donnell H D, Choi K, Thacker S B
JAMA. 1982 Jun 25;247(24):3327-31.
The morbidity and mortality associated with the 1980 heat wave in St Louis and Kansas City, Mo, were assessed retrospectively. Heat-related illness and deaths were identified by review of death certificates and hospital, emergency room, and medical examiners' records in the two cities. Data from the July 1980 heat wave were compared with data from July 1978 and 1979, when there were no heat waves. Deaths from all causes in July 1980 increased by 57% and 64% in St Louis and Kansas City, respectively, but only 10% in the predominantly rural areas of Missouri. About one of every 1,000 residents of the two cities was hospitalized for or died of heat-related illness. Incidence rates (per 100,000) of heatstroke, defined as severe heat illness with documented hyperthermia, were 26.5 and 17.6 for St Louis and Kansas City, respectively. No heatstroke cases occurred in July 1979. Heatstroke rates were ten to 12 times higher for persons aged 65 years or older than for those younger than 65 years. The ratios of age-adjusted heatstroke rates were approximately 3:1 for nonwhite v white persons and about 6:1 for low v high socioeconomic status. Public health preventive measures in future heat waves should be directed toward the urban poor, the elderly, and persons of other-than-white races.
对密苏里州圣路易斯市和堪萨斯城1980年热浪相关的发病率和死亡率进行了回顾性评估。通过查阅两市的死亡证明、医院、急诊室和法医记录来确定与热浪相关的疾病和死亡情况。将1980年7月热浪的数据与1978年和1979年7月（当时没有热浪）的数据进行了比较。1980年7月，圣路易斯市和堪萨斯城的全因死亡人数分别增加了57%和64%，但在密苏里州主要农村地区仅增加了10%。两市每1000名居民中约有1人因热浪相关疾病住院或死亡。中暑（定义为有记录的体温过高的严重热相关疾病）的发病率（每10万人），圣路易斯市和堪萨斯城分别为26.5和17.6。1979年7月未发生中暑病例。65岁及以上人群的中暑发病率比65岁以下人群高10至12倍。非白人与白人的年龄调整后中暑发病率之比约为3:1，社会经济地位低与高的人群之比约为6:1。未来热浪中的公共卫生预防措施应针对城市贫困人口、老年人和非白人种族人群。
