Thomsen H S, Dorph S, Olsen S
Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh). 1982;23(2):143-8. doi: 10.1177/028418518202300210.
Retrograde pyelography was carried out in rabbits during and following temporary clamping of either the renal artery and vein together or the main renal vein alone. Pyelosinous backflow was observed in all kidneys and pyelovenous backflow in 16 of the 18 kidneys, occurring at intrapelvic pressures between 50 and 100 mmHg. During simultaneous complete renal artery and vein occlusion intrarenal backflow occurred in all 3 kidneys examined while it was observed in 3 of 6 kidneys when the pyelography was performed 5 min after removal of the clamp. During complete renal vein occlusion filling with contrast medium of the central intrarenal veins occurred in all 3 kidneys but only in 3 of 6 kidneys examined after the clamp had been removed. Microscopically, pyelosinous backflow was explained by vital tears in the fornix of the pelvic cavity. Tears extending into the kidney parenchyma were only observed in kidneys with intrarenal backflow at pyelography.
在兔子身上进行逆行肾盂造影，分别在肾动脉和肾静脉同时暂时夹闭以及仅夹闭肾主静脉期间和之后进行。在所有肾脏中均观察到肾盂内反流，18个肾脏中有16个出现肾盂静脉反流，发生于肾盂内压力在50至100 mmHg之间时。在同时完全夹闭肾动脉和肾静脉期间，所检查的3个肾脏均出现肾内反流，而在移除夹子5分钟后进行肾盂造影时，6个肾脏中有3个观察到肾内反流。在完全夹闭肾静脉期间，所检查的3个肾脏中中央肾内静脉均有造影剂充盈，但仅在移除夹子后检查的6个肾脏中有3个出现这种情况。显微镜下，肾盂内反流是由盆腔穹窿处的活性撕裂来解释的。仅在肾盂造影时有肾内反流的肾脏中观察到延伸至肾实质的撕裂。
