Bidgood W D, Cuttino J T, Clark R L, Volberg F M
Invest Radiol. 1981 Jan-Feb;16(1):13-9. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198101000-00003.
Pyelovenous and pyelolymphatic backflow have been observed during retrograde pyelography in three patients with renal vein thrombosis. The radiographic patterns of backflow following experimental unilateral renal vein occlusion in rabbits were analyzed and correlated with the clinical findings. Capsular, perihilar, periureteric, and retroperitoneal collateral vein networks and lymphatic channels were demonstrated on the venous occluded side. The appearance shown in the experimental study correlate well with the clinical observations.
