Stone D H, Shannon D J
Br Med J. 1978 Sep 23;2(6141):859-61. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6141.859.
Screening for impaired distant visual acuity was one component of a controlled trial of multiphasic screening in middle age carried out in two general practices. The prevalence of impaired visual acuity (6/18 or worse in the better eye) at the initial screening in 1967 was 9.6% overall, ranging from 5.9% in people aged 40-49 years to 16.3% in those aged over 60. The question "Do you have difficulty seeing distant objects?" had a low sensitivity and high specificity, rendering it unsatisfactory for use in mass population screening for visual impairment. The prevalences of impaired visual acuity in the screening and control groups at the survey in 1972 showed no significant differences in any age group. Mass screening for defects of visual acuity in the course of a multiphasic examination is thus unlikely to reduce the prevalence of impaired distant visual acuity in the community.
对远视力受损进行筛查是在两家普通诊所开展的中年多相筛查对照试验的一个组成部分。1967年初次筛查时，视力受损（较好眼视力为6/18或更差）的总体患病率为9.6%，40 - 49岁人群中为5.9%，60岁以上人群中为16.3%。“您看远处物体有困难吗？”这个问题敏感度低、特异度高，因此不适合用于大规模人群视力损害筛查。1972年调查时，筛查组和对照组中视力受损的患病率在任何年龄组均无显著差异。因此，在多相检查过程中对视力缺陷进行大规模筛查不太可能降低社区中远视力受损的患病率。
