Stephens S D
Br J Audiol. 1982 May;16(2):76-80. doi: 10.3109/03005368209081451.
From a historical standpoint, the problems of ototoxicity came in two major stages. The first, in the nineteenth century, indirectly resulted from the chemical extraction, purification and, sometimes later, synthesis of the active components of traditional drugs, which led to their use in larger doses. The second stage, in the twentieth century, derived from the drive to find more and more effective antibacterial agents, which often had damaging side effects on the inner ear. These effects were highlighted by the development of more sophisticated techniques to detect and measure the ototoxic actions of drugs. The present brief account traces some early reports of ototoxicity from the time of Richard Morton (1692) onwards.
从历史角度来看，耳毒性问题主要经历了两个阶段。第一个阶段是在19世纪，间接源于传统药物活性成分的化学提取、纯化，有时还有后续的合成，这导致了这些药物使用剂量的增加。第二个阶段是在20世纪，源于人们对寻找越来越有效的抗菌药物的追求，而这些药物往往对内耳有损害性副作用。更先进的检测和测量药物耳毒性作用的技术的发展凸显了这些影响。本简要叙述追溯了自理查德·莫顿（1692年）时代以来一些耳毒性的早期报告。
