Goffstein R, Burton T C
Ophthalmology. 1982 Apr;89(4):361-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(82)34783-1.
Five hundred and eighty-six phakic retinal detachments were studied to characterize the features of 111 cases with a history of trauma and to establish improved guidelines for medico-legal determinations. Twenty-eight percent of contusion detachments were myopic, nine times higher than expected. Myopes typically developed giant tears and nasal dialyses (p less than 0.001); emmetropes developed inferotemporal dialyses (p less than 0.005). Lattice degeneration did not increase post-traumatic detachments risk. Dialyses and giant tears caused 69% of traumatic detachments and 6% of nontraumatic detachments (p less than 0.001). Forty-seven percent of contusion detachments had no late objective evidence of trauma. Five percent of detachments with a history of trauma were not caused by trauma (false positives).
对586例有晶状体眼视网膜脱离患者进行研究，以明确111例有外伤史患者的特征，并制定改进的法医学判定指南。挫伤性视网膜脱离患者中28%为近视，比预期高9倍。近视患者通常发生巨大裂孔和鼻侧视网膜脱离（p<0.001）；正视眼患者发生颞下视网膜脱离（p<0.005）。格子样变性未增加外伤后视网膜脱离的风险。视网膜脱离和巨大裂孔导致69%的外伤性视网膜脱离和6%的非外伤性视网膜脱离（p<0.001）。47%的挫伤性视网膜脱离没有后期外伤的客观证据。有外伤史的视网膜脱离患者中有5%并非由外伤引起（假阳性）。
