Sasaki K, Ideta H, Yonemoto J, Tanaka S, Hirose A, Oka C
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1995 Dec;233(12):772-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00184088.
The epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Asians is not well known. We studied the epidemiologic characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Kumamoto, Japan.
The study was based on a retrospective chart review of hospital patients who were treated for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 1990. The data were collected from seven hospitals in the Kumamoto area.
From a population of 1 840 000, 192 residents developed retinal detachment. The annual incidence was therefore 10.4 per 100 000 population (9.6 for males, 11.2 for females). The incidences of three types of detachment-nontraumatic phakic, aphakic, and blunt trauma--were 9.8, 0.5 and 0.2 per 100 000 population, respectively. In 109 of 180 patients (60.6%) with nontraumatic phakic detachment, retinal breaks were associated with lattice degeneration. In females, 14 of 106 nontraumatic phakic cases (13.2%) were secondary to macular holes.
Compared with previously published studies from other countries, the incidence of detachments associated with lattice degeneration and macular hole was higher, while the incidences of aphakic detachment and detachment due to blunt trauma were lower in Japan. Racial factors and living habits may affect the development of retinal detachment.
孔源性视网膜脱离在亚洲人群中的流行病学情况尚不为人所知。我们研究了日本熊本县孔源性视网膜脱离的流行病学特征。
本研究基于对1990年因原发性孔源性视网膜脱离接受治疗的住院患者病历的回顾性分析。数据收集自熊本县地区的七家医院。
在184万人口中，有192名居民发生视网膜脱离。因此年发病率为每10万人中10.4例（男性为9.6例，女性为11.2例）。三种类型的脱离——非外伤性有晶状体眼、无晶状体眼和钝挫伤——的发病率分别为每10万人中9.8例、0.5例和0.2例。在180例非外伤性有晶状体眼脱离患者中的109例（60.6%）中，视网膜裂孔与格子样变性有关。在女性中，106例非外伤性有晶状体眼病例中的14例（13.2%）继发于黄斑裂孔。
与其他国家先前发表的研究相比，日本与格子样变性和黄斑裂孔相关的脱离发病率较高，而无晶状体眼脱离和钝挫伤导致的脱离发病率较低。种族因素和生活习惯可能会影响视网膜脱离的发生。
