Selection for high specific gravity of eggs in a flock of Australorp hens.

1. A realised heritability of 0.23 was obtained in an Australorp flock (S) selected for five generations for high egg specific gravity. 2. A comparison with an unselected control flock (C) over 50 weeks of lay in the final generation indicated a number of statistically significant correlated responses in commercially important traits in the S line in addition to the direct response of +0.004 in specific gravity. 3. With an increase in specific gravity, there was a decrease of 3.4 in the percentage of soft-shelled eggs laid. 4. The weight and albumen height of eggs measured within 1 hour of lay declined by 1.8 g and 2.1 Haugh units respectively. 5. There were reductions in the weight and albumen height losses of eggs stored over a 10-d period (C 0.74, S 0.62 g and C 17.9, S 15.0 Haugh units respectively), so that at the end of this period the albumen heights in both lines were the same. 6. Average body weight and daily food intake were less by 0.28 kg and 7.5 g respectively. 7. Although there was no change in egg production, the average age at first egg was reduced by 11.3 d.