Kwok D C, Cruess R L
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Sep(169):179-85.
In a retrospective review of 580 patients with 599 hemiarthroplasties of the hip, 454 operations (75.8%) were carried out as primary procedures for fresh intracapsular fractures, and 145 operations (24.2%) were performed as salvage procedures. The three-month mortality rate was 5.0%, and the dislocation rate was 5.3%. The early results were assessed by roentgenograms alone; head size, neck length, stem-shaft angle, and calcar seating were measured on preoperative and postoperative films. Anteversion and retroversion could not be accurately assessed. Using an arbitrary rating system, the results were graded as excellent on the basis of four anatomical criteria: good, on the basis of three; fair, of two; and poor, on only one or none. Only 173 prostheses (26.3%) were graded as excellent and 103 (27.3%) as good. At least 70 (25.3%) were just fair, and 31 (11.2%) were poor. Inappropriate neck length was present in 55.0% of the dislocated prostheses, incorrect head size in 25.0%, varus of the prosthesis in 20.0%, and poor calcar seating in 25.0%. Thus, technical errors account for a significant number of imperfect hemiarthroplasties of the hip. Careful attention to detail should decrease the incidence of errors and improve end-results.
在一项对580例患者行599例髋关节半关节置换术的回顾性研究中,454例手术(75.8%)作为新鲜囊内骨折的初次手术进行,145例手术(24.2%)作为挽救手术进行。3个月死亡率为5.0%,脱位率为5.3%。早期结果仅通过X线片评估;在术前和术后的X线片上测量股骨头大小、颈长、柄干角和股骨距贴合情况。前倾角和后倾角无法准确评估。使用一种任意的评分系统,根据四个解剖学标准将结果评为优;根据三个标准评为良;根据两个标准评为可;根据一个或没有标准评为差。只有173个假体(26.3%)被评为优,103个(27.3%)被评为良。至少70个(25.3%)仅为可,31个(11.2%)为差。脱位假体中55.0%存在颈长不合适,25.0%存在股骨头大小不正确,20.0%存在假体内翻,25.0%存在股骨距贴合不良。因此,技术错误在大量不完美的髋关节半关节置换术中占重要比例。仔细注意细节应能降低错误发生率并改善最终结果。