Johanson I B, Hall W G
Dev Psychobiol. 1982 Jul;15(4):379-97. doi: 10.1002/dev.420150410.
These experiments document a form of early appetitive learning in rats obtained using classical conditioning procedures. Some of the special determinants of this conditioning are described, as well as ontogenetic changes in the effectiveness of training procedures. Learning was apparent when deprived 3- and 6-day old rats oriented to and maintained contact with a novel and normally aversive odor after this odor had been paired with oral infusions of milk (Experiment I). The effectiveness of the conditioning procedures depended on the temperature at which pups were trained (Experiment IB). Moreover, the reinforcing properties of milk infusions depended on deprivation (Experiment IC). This conditioned change in responsiveness to odor was specific to the odor that had been paired with milk (Experiment II) and was retained for at least 24 hr (Experiment III).
这些实验记录了大鼠通过经典条件反射程序获得的一种早期食欲性学习形式。描述了这种条件反射的一些特殊决定因素，以及训练程序有效性的个体发育变化。当3日龄和6日龄的幼鼠在一种新的、通常具有厌恶性的气味与口服牛奶配对后，对该气味产生定向并保持接触时，学习就很明显了（实验I）。条件反射程序的有效性取决于幼崽接受训练时的温度（实验IB）。此外，牛奶输注的强化特性取决于饥饿程度（实验IC）。这种对气味反应性的条件性变化对与牛奶配对的气味具有特异性（实验II），并至少保留24小时（实验III）。
