Leamy L
J Hered. 1982 Jul-Aug;73(4):267-72. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109637.
Genetic and environmental components of variation were estimated for 15 osteometric and 3 external metric traits from nested analyses of variance in inbred and hybrid male and female house mice. In inbred males and females, respectively, the average contribution over all 18 characters for the within-litter variances was 26.4 percent and 15.3 percent; for the between-litter variances, 9.3 percent and 7.2 percent; and for the among-strains variances, 64.3 percent and 77.5 percent. For the combined sexes, the average genetic contribution (broad sense heritability) for the morphometric characters was 71 percent, and the coefficient of genetic determination, 57 percent. In hybrid males and females, respectively, the average contribution of the within-litter variances was 20.1 percent and 36.8 percent; for between-litter variances, 10.2 percent and 21.4 percent; for reciprocals variances, 59.3 percent and 28.2 percent; and crosses variances, 10.4 percent and 13.6 percent. Both in relative and absolute terms, the genetic variances for hybrids averaged much less than those for inbreds. All characters except body weight showed significantly less environmental (within plus between-litter) variation in hybrids compared with inbreds. Heterosis did not appear to be associated with the differences in the magnitude of genetic or environmental variation between sexes or breeding types.
通过对近交和杂交雄性及雌性家鼠进行方差嵌套分析，估计了15个骨骼测量性状和3个外部测量性状的变异的遗传和环境成分。在近交雄性和雌性中，所有18个性状的窝内方差平均贡献分别为26.4%和15.3%；窝间方差分别为9.3%和7.2%；品系间方差分别为64.3%和77.5%。对于混合性别，形态测量性状的平均遗传贡献（广义遗传力）为71%，遗传决定系数为57%。在杂交雄性和雌性中，窝内方差的平均贡献分别为20.1%和36.8%；窝间方差分别为10.2%和21.4%；正反交方差分别为59.3%和28.2%；杂交方差分别为10.4%和13.6%。无论从相对还是绝对角度来看，杂交种的遗传方差平均都远小于近交种。与近交种相比，除体重外的所有性状在杂交种中的环境（窝内加窝间）变异均显著更小。杂种优势似乎与性别或繁殖类型之间遗传或环境变异大小的差异无关。
