Bastien J W
J Ethnopharmacol. 1982 Jul;6(1):13-28. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(82)90069-1.
This research report concerns herbal curing among the Qollahuaya (Callawaya) Andeans of Bolivia, who follow a tradition of more than 1000 years of medicinal expertise and who are the most renowned herbalists in South America. Qollahuaya herbalists live in Ayllus Chajaya and Curva. Natives of Chajaya and Curva complain that the number of herbalists have declined in recent years, but after analysis of occupational surveys in these communities, it was found that both areas had a considerable number of herbalists (Curva 37, Chajaya 28) with the same proportion (27%) of herbalists to non-herbalists. Although Chajaya and Curva adjusted differently to certain pressures against the herbal profession since 1930, they maintained the same percentage. This indicates a functional relationship between herbalists and nonherbalists. The decline in the number of herbalists reflects a decline in the rural populace of the Qollahuaya area. In this paper, the author discusses herbalists in Curva and in Chajaya. His primary concern is how each group of herbalists have adapted to certain pressures within the last 30 years: restrictions on travel, synthetic drugs, out-migration and oppression.
本研究报告关注的是玻利维亚科亚瓦亚（卡拉瓦亚）安第斯人的草药疗法。这些安第斯人拥有超过1000年的医学专业传统，是南美洲最负盛名的草药师。科亚瓦亚草药师居住在查贾亚和库尔瓦的艾尤斯。查贾亚和库尔瓦的当地人抱怨说，近年来草药师的数量有所减少，但在对这些社区的职业调查进行分析后发现，这两个地区都有相当数量的草药师（库尔瓦有37名，查贾亚有28名），草药师与非草药师的比例相同（27%）。尽管自1930年以来，查贾亚和库尔瓦对草药行业面临的某些压力的适应方式有所不同，但它们保持了相同的比例。这表明草药师与非草药师之间存在一种功能关系。草药师数量的减少反映了科亚瓦亚地区农村人口的减少。在本文中，作者讨论了库尔瓦和查贾亚的草药师。他主要关注的是在过去30年里，每一组草药师是如何适应某些压力的：旅行限制、合成药物、人口外流和压迫。
