Penk W E
J Clin Psychol. 1978 Oct;34(4):838-43. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197810)34:4<838::aid-jclp2270340404>3.0.co;2-c.
Tested that aspect of response interference theory that predicts that schizophrenics give fewer dominant and more competing responses for ambiguous, but not unambiguous, conditions. It was hypothesized that schizophrenics would evidence in a word association task greater gains, after treatment, in response popularity for ambiguous, but not for unambiguous, stimulus words. The prediction was assessed by administering a specially-constructed wordlist balanced for idiodynamic semantic sets (Moran, 1966). Results, from a pre- and posttest control group design, met predictions for 24 matched pairs of schizophrenics and neurotics: after 5 weeks of treatment, schizophrenics gained significantly in popular responses for ambiguous but not for unambiguous stimulus words, whereas neurotics did not gain significantly for either condition. Positive correlation for schizophrenics between ambiguous word response popularity gains in home and community adjustment as rated by a significant other coincided with expectations from response interference theory (Broen, 1968).
对反应干扰理论的这一方面进行了测试，该理论预测，在模棱两可而非明确的条件下，精神分裂症患者给出的主导反应较少，竞争反应较多。研究假设，在单词联想任务中，经过治疗后，精神分裂症患者对于模棱两可而非明确的刺激词，其反应受欢迎程度会有更大提升。通过使用一份为等动力语义集平衡构建的特殊单词列表（莫兰，1966年）来评估这一预测。采用前后测对照组设计得出的结果，符合对24对匹配的精神分裂症患者和神经症患者的预测：经过5周治疗后，精神分裂症患者对于模棱两可的刺激词，其受欢迎反应显著增加，而对于明确的刺激词则不然，而神经症患者在两种情况下都没有显著增加。由重要他人评定的家庭和社区适应中，精神分裂症患者模棱两可单词反应受欢迎程度的提升与反应干扰理论的预期相符（布伦，1968年）。
