Fedson D S, Baldwin J A
JAMA. 1982 Oct 22;248(16):1989-95.
In the Oxford Record Linkage Study population in 1970, seven hundred ninety-three persons were hospitalized for or died as a result of pneumonia. Thirty-six percent who survived and 49% who died had been discharged from hospital within the previous five years. For the period 1963 through 1970, cohort analysis determined the probability of subsequent readmission and/or death caused by pneumonia within the next five years for patients discharged with any condition and with high-risk conditions only. From this analysis, it was estimated that pneumococcal immunization of relatively few discharged patients would prevent each subsequent readmission and death from pneumococcal pneumonia. These results suggest that, in addition to age and underlying medical condition, patterns of previous hospital care can be used to identify many persons at increased risk of developing pneumonia. If current patterns of previous hospital care are similar to those found in Oxfordshire, physicians should consider giving pneumococcal vaccine to patients who are discharged from hospitals.
在1970年牛津记录链接研究人群中，793人因肺炎住院或死于肺炎。存活者中有36%以及死亡者中有49%在过去五年内曾出院。对于1963年至1970年期间，队列分析确定了因任何病情出院以及仅因高危病情出院的患者在未来五年内再次入院和/或死于肺炎的概率。通过该分析估计，对相对较少的出院患者进行肺炎球菌免疫接种可预防随后每一例因肺炎球菌肺炎导致的再次入院和死亡。这些结果表明，除了年龄和基础医疗状况外，既往住院治疗模式可用于识别许多发生肺炎风险增加的人群。如果当前既往住院治疗模式与牛津郡发现的模式相似，医生应考虑为出院患者接种肺炎球菌疫苗。
