Leguit P
Neth J Surg. 1982 Jul;34(3):123-6.
The physical signs of a compartment syndrome of the upper arm are swelling and tenderness, possibly accompanied by functional impairment of all the nerves of the brachial plexus. The most common cause is exposure of the upper limb over a prolonged period to compression by the body-weight against a solid underground. The resulting tissue lesion leads to rhabdomyolysis. Laboratory investigations show an orthotolidin-positive urine reaction (Hemastix), pigmented granular casts in the urinary sediment, together with a markedly elevated level of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK). The treatment of choice consists of immediate open fasciotomy. The history is given of two patients, in whom a prolonged period of recumbency due to coma caused the development of an upper-arm compartment syndrome. An explanation is offered to account for the rarity of this phenomenon compared to the more frequently encountered compartment syndrome of the lower leg.
上臂骨筋膜室综合征的体征为肿胀和压痛，可能伴有臂丛神经所有神经的功能障碍。最常见的原因是上肢长时间被身体重量压在坚实地面上而受到压迫。由此产生的组织损伤会导致横纹肌溶解。实验室检查显示尿正铁血红素反应阳性（Hemastix）、尿沉渣中有色素颗粒管型，同时血清肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）水平显著升高。首选治疗方法是立即进行切开筋膜减压术。文中介绍了两名患者的病史，他们因昏迷长期卧床而引发了上臂骨筋膜室综合征。文中还对这种现象与更常见的小腿骨筋膜室综合征相比为何罕见作出了解释。
