Appelman L M, Woutersen R A, Feron V J
Toxicology. 1982;23(4):293-307. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(82)90068-3.
The 4-h LC50 of acetaldehyde in rats was determined and found to be 13,300 ppm (24.0 g/m3 air). In a 4-week study groups of 10 male and 10 female rats were exposed to 0, 400, 1000, 2200 or 5000 ppm acetaldehyde for 6 h/day, 5 days/week. Treatment-related changes observed at the 5000 ppm level included dyspnoea and excitation during the first 30 min of each exposure, yellow-brown fur, severe growth retardation, more neutrophils and less lymphocytes in the blood, a reduced production of urine with a high density, increased lung weights, and severe degenerative, hyperplastic and metaplastic changes of the nasal, laryngeal and tracheal epithelium. Major lesions seen at 1000 and 2200 ppm comprised growth retardation and an increased production of urine in males, slight to moderate degeneration with or without hyper- and metaplasia of the nasal epithelium, and only at 2200 ppm, minimal epithelial changes in the larynx and trachea. The only change observed at the 400 ppm level that could be attributed to acetaldehyde was slight degeneration of the nasal olfactory epithelium seen as loss of microvilli and thinning and disarrangement of the layer of epithelial cells.
测定了乙醛对大鼠的4小时半数致死浓度，发现为13300 ppm（24.0克/立方米空气）。在一项为期4周的研究中，将10只雄性和10只雌性大鼠分为几组，每天暴露于0、400、1000、2200或5000 ppm的乙醛中6小时，每周5天。在5000 ppm水平观察到的与处理相关的变化包括每次暴露的前30分钟出现呼吸困难和兴奋、黄褐色皮毛、严重生长迟缓、血液中中性粒细胞增多和淋巴细胞减少、尿液生成减少且密度高、肺重量增加，以及鼻腔、喉和气管上皮出现严重的退行性、增生性和化生变化。在1000和2200 ppm观察到的主要病变包括雄性生长迟缓以及尿液生成增加、鼻腔上皮有轻度至中度变性，伴有或不伴有增生和化生，并且仅在2200 ppm时，喉和气管有轻微上皮变化。在400 ppm水平观察到的唯一可归因于乙醛的变化是鼻腔嗅上皮有轻微变性，表现为微绒毛丧失以及上皮细胞层变薄和排列紊乱。
